Using DMEM：
DMEM is unique from other media as it contains 4 times the concentration of amino acids and vitamins than the original Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium. DMEM was originally formulated with low glucose (1 g/L) and sodium pyruvate, but is often used with higher glucose levels, with or without sodium pyruvate. DMEM contains no proteins, lipids, or growth factors. Therefore, DMEM requires supplementation, commonly with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS). DMEM uses a sodium bicarbonate buffer system (3.7 g/L), and therefore requires a 510% CO2 environment to maintain physiological pH.

cGMP manufacturing and quality system：
DMEM is manufactured at a cGMP-compliant facility located in Grand Island, New York. The facility is registered with the FDA as a medical device manufacturer and is certified to ISO 13485 standards.